Q. Eileen Wafford: Okay, there we go.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Alright. So yes, we are now recording. And again, this is part 2 of conducting systematic and scope, review, search, development and documentation.
Q. Eileen Wafford: feel free to use the chat feature if you have questions.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I am not that great monitoring chat. So my colleagues may be monitoring and responding to some of those questions. But feel free to use the chat feature.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And if you have the need, if you feel like it's, it's a question that probably can't be communicated efficiently or effectively through chat. Feel free to unmute yourself. Just be mindful that this class is being recorded, so you may, we may capture your lovely voices on the recording. If you're okay with that, I'm okay with that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So let's get started.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I am going to turn off my camera.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Just so the focus is on what's happening in the screen.
Q. Eileen Wafford: But of course.
Q. Eileen Wafford: there you go
Q. Eileen Wafford: alright. So
Q. Eileen Wafford: quick overview of the objectives. For this 2 part workshop. We are going to create comprehensive search strategies, translate our
Q. Eileen Wafford: single search strategy that we created and perform the search input Med, as well as show you how you can apply that search to different databases.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We'll refine the search results. Using search filters.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We'll look at evaluating our search, using the press checklist.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We'll also look at documentation and preparing documentations
Q. Eileen Wafford: for your manuscript, using official guidelines as well as drafting the search methods for your systematic review or scope review or literature review. Using these methods so
Q. Eileen Wafford: drafting that methods for your manuscripts.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Hopefully, you would have glance at our prerequisites and hopefully have explored those topics.
Q. Eileen Wafford: these these topics gives you foundational information that would be helpful in understanding what we're going to cover today.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And just so, you know,
Q. Eileen Wafford: we do have some guides that go along with this class. We have our golfer guides,
Q. Eileen Wafford: Systematic review guides, the Scope review guys and the health information sources and searching.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And what I am going to do is I'm going to go to our health information sources and searching because that guide has the Powerpoint presentation as well as the handouts that we'll be covering in today's session. So, and if you have the Powerpoint presentation open, and you're following along what I have done, and what I am doing is I have my Powerpoint presentation
Q. Eileen Wafford: open in the reading
Q. Eileen Wafford: mode. So if I hover over this little
Q. Eileen Wafford: hopefully, you can see my, I am sharing my screen.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Yeah, I hope I'm sharing the correct screen.
Q. Eileen Wafford: It's a little late in the game to. I am okay. Okay? So I have the reading mode open. I'm not using the presentation mode just because we'll be hopping in and out of the Powerpoint presentation, and I don't want to lose my place in the presentation.
Q. Eileen Wafford: so what I'm going to do is show you a direct, or rather how you can get to this guide through the libraries homepage. And to do that, let's go to galter.northwestern.edu.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We'll go to research services under research services.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Click, go to research tools and we'll click on Galter guides.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm going to change the by subject and click on all guides
Q. Eileen Wafford: and just scroll down till you see health information sources and searching.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There we go.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I'm
Q. Eileen Wafford: we may put this guide or this page for this class in different places. So maybe on the Scope Review and the systematic review guys. But for right now this is where this this page is living. So let's scroll down to systematic and scope reviews. We'll click on that tab and let me.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So I'm gonna add that to
Q. Eileen Wafford: there you go. So there's a direct link to this tab
Q. Eileen Wafford: and the presentation that we'll be looking at today.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Is part 2.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And we also want to have
Q. Eileen Wafford: these worksheets open. So if you attended last
Q. Eileen Wafford: part one's session, open that worksheet that you have. Hopefully, hopefully you saved it, if not, open the search development worksheet
Q. Eileen Wafford: example.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so just put that to the side. For now.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So this is my example. Worksheet
Q. Eileen Wafford: wish I am going to
Q. Eileen Wafford: put to the side
Q. Eileen Wafford: and let me see if I go back to
Q. Eileen Wafford: this happened
Q. Eileen Wafford: okay, I had to click the back button to get back to the the page.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we'll have that, and then we'll also revisit this guide
Q. Eileen Wafford: for additional handouts.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Alright.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So a quick, very quick recap of Part one where we looked at the search strategy development process, some search techniques and our combined search, string or search statement. Those 2 terms are interchangeable
Q. Eileen Wafford: with this search strategy development. We talked about
Q. Eileen Wafford: our 3 step process, first defining your research question.
Q. Eileen Wafford: then identifying important concepts from your research question
Q. Eileen Wafford: and identifying
Q. Eileen Wafford: synonyms and related words. So those are our 3 steps which are also in the guide.
Q. Eileen Wafford: When it came to concepts, we had our research question.
Q. Eileen Wafford: how do disparities in health insurance coverage affect
Q. Eileen Wafford: the risk of heart attacks in racial minority groups
Q. Eileen Wafford: and the key concepts for this research question was racial minority groups.
Q. Eileen Wafford: disparities.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And we we and we use the pico framework to identify our key concepts or to help map our key concepts. We didn't really have a comparator. We can have nominary groups or no competitor. So we're not going to look at a competitor. And then our outcomes of interest
Q. Eileen Wafford: or outcome of interest is heart attacks.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Once we have identified our key, our concepts. We then
Q. Eileen Wafford: list keywords to describe each concept and the keywords were words that we would normally use to describe those concepts. So keywords also call natural language terms or text words, and some of the words that we came up with.
Q. Eileen Wafford: At least I came up with for this topic for racial minority groups. We have minorities, Asian, Americans, African, Americans, blacks, Hispanics, Latinx, Latinos, and we just kept our list simple, just because we
Q. Eileen Wafford: have a time limit. But your keyword list for your for your real research question should be exhaustive, especially if you're doing a system agroscop review. So we have keywords for each
Q. Eileen Wafford: of our search concepts are P. Population i. Or E. Exposure. And O.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We then looked at Boolean operators, which are just commands or their database commands. So when we use, and in the search, it tells the search to find
Q. Eileen Wafford: results
Q. Eileen Wafford: with the words that are combined with, and when we use, or it tells the database to find all this, all the words or terms that are joined with, or
Q. Eileen Wafford: and then, when we use not which we rarely want to use, because it tends to limit
Q. Eileen Wafford: your search by excluding content. And sometimes, if that content may be a company with
Q. Eileen Wafford: content that you want, and you may unintentionally exclude it because it has that not term. So we're going to not really focus on, not
Q. Eileen Wafford: when it comes to applying our Boolean operators, we use or
Q. Eileen Wafford: to combine our keywords.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and then we use Ann to combine. Our
Q. Eileen Wafford: sets are different sets of keywords, and you'll see that later in a minute.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We also looked at additional search tips and techniques, including truncation, which is the use of a symbol, usually an asterisk, to find all variations of a word. So
Q. Eileen Wafford: heart attack, heart attacking, heart attacks.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Well all. We also looked at nesting, which is the use of parentheses to group together related terms to keep
Q. Eileen Wafford: your keywords for a single concept. Together
Q. Eileen Wafford: we also looked at phrase searching, which is the use of parentheses
Q. Eileen Wafford: are rather quotation marks to find
Q. Eileen Wafford: an exact phrase.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We then apply these techniques to our search
Q. Eileen Wafford: research question. We had our
Q. Eileen Wafford: key, our population, racial minorities.
Q. Eileen Wafford: those key words we put them together with or saying, find all results where you have minority. We truncated it. So all variations of this word or Asian Americans. You can truncate within a phrase.
Q. Eileen Wafford: or or or or or right.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and the search results must also include at least one term from our exposure. So health insurance
Q. Eileen Wafford: and it has to include at least one term from our heart attack or outcome words. So
Q. Eileen Wafford: this
Q. Eileen Wafford: search string is.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's nothing here that is unique to any one database, so we can copy and paste this search string to any database, and it should run in that database. There's no syntax as database specific.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So before I
Q. Eileen Wafford: go into part 2, were there anything that you wanted, any questions about, what we just covered? What we just looked at.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Right?
Q. Eileen Wafford: So let's look at part 2,
Q. Eileen Wafford: where we're going to look at
Q. Eileen Wafford: creating a pub mess specific search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Translating the search strategy. Our pub med specific search like making it pubmed, friendly.
Q. Eileen Wafford: evaluating our searches as well as documentation.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So when it comes to conducting the search and pub med, we still, you know, are following our search strategy. We do have our research question. We have identified key concepts. We have our list of key words so far.
Q. Eileen Wafford: But we're not done.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We're still building our keyword list. But what we're going to do is
Q. Eileen Wafford: we're going to focus on the source words. So we have our keywords list which we just saw. Our search string made up of keywords. Now we want to make sure that we incorporate and the source words, and when we say the source we're talking about controlled vocabulary and authoritative source
Q. Eileen Wafford: and input Med.
Q. Eileen Wafford: or the National Library of Medicine, they're the source is called the medical subject heading shortened to mesh.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And that's where we're going to pull articles.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Rather excuse me. Pull the source words for our pub mess specific search and
Q. Eileen Wafford: just a quick, really quick overview of mash medical subject heading, so we call it the source word subject heading,
Q. Eileen Wafford: control vocabulary. We want to incorporate these terms into our our database. Search because they help us
Q. Eileen Wafford: provide a consistent way of finding information where different terms may be used by the authors to describe a concept. So I always like to talk about heart attack. You may be looking for an article about heart attacks, but the authors never use heart attack.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So by pulling by using the mesh term for heart attack marker on fraction, you will pull in that article. It was tagged with that term because it was tagged with the the mesh term that the source term for heart attack
Q. Eileen Wafford: and so that that
Q. Eileen Wafford: process of tagging articles of reading their aboutness and and tagging them with these words, these fill codes is called indexing.
Q. Eileen Wafford: but I call them I call it tagging but it's called indexing. That's the the official
Q. Eileen Wafford: terminology for that process.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And you can see index or tag terms when you run a search, input. Med.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and you click on the article, the record for a specific article
Q. Eileen Wafford: when you scroll down. If if there are mesh terms assigned to the article, not all records have mesh terms assigned to them. But if there are mesh terms, there's usually a little dropdown saying mesh terms, and you can see the mesh terms assigned or tagged to this article.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's also a link
Q. Eileen Wafford: on the right hand side. If mesh terms are present, you can click on that to see mesh terms that were tagged or assigned to that article.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we're going to add mesh terms to our search. But before we do that, are there questions about mesh
Q. Eileen Wafford: alright, so you would have hit
Q. Eileen Wafford: attended pub man, and saw and saw how you can go into the mesh database search for mesh terms. Apply them to your your pub. Mesh search, maybe directly in pub. Med.
Q. Eileen Wafford: What we're going to do is we're we're using a word document. You can do this in pub. Med. But I like to use word documents when I am pre creating searches for these really big reviews, because I can just clean them up. I can
Q. Eileen Wafford: work in word, copy and paste the search to different databases. Use the word document to build my documentation, my, my for my manuscript. So we're going to go that route work in a word document.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And when it comes to building our our
Q. Eileen Wafford: mesh terms, we'll just we are going to go into pub med, just to get the syntax
Q. Eileen Wafford: and so what I want us to do
Q. Eileen Wafford: is we'll revisit this page. I want us to
Q. Eileen Wafford: create
Q. Eileen Wafford: a list of mesh terms for our research question.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we have our keywords. Now, we're going to create our mesh term list.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we have the concepts of minority groups, racial racial minority groups.
Q. Eileen Wafford: health insurance coverage as well as heart attack.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And
Q. Eileen Wafford: what I would like you to do is to go to your
Q. Eileen Wafford: worksheet.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If you have the example, open the example.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If if you did not, you know, start with part one, and you want to, you know, follow along open the example.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so we have our research question.
Q. Eileen Wafford: For one, we identify our important concepts.
Q. Eileen Wafford: we have listed our synonyms and related words.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and we use the Boolean ore.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and
Q. Eileen Wafford: you know this is kind of like a little a cheat I'm kind of cheating here, so
Q. Eileen Wafford: feel free to use what was here, or get rid of it, and then start over. Pretend you did not see that. And so what we're going to do is under
Q. Eileen Wafford: The third
Q. Eileen Wafford: points
Q. Eileen Wafford: like list synonyms and related words. We want to list our mesh terms, and we're going to follow the instructions
Q. Eileen Wafford: listed on or described.
Q. Eileen Wafford: N,
Q. Eileen Wafford: the presentation.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We're going to go to the Meshosaurus.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and you can do that by I you know I'm a creature habit going to the library's homepage
Q. Eileen Wafford: or pod med.gov directly, if you both like signing in.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I am signed in. So I always go to pub Matt through the the libraries, homepage
Q. Eileen Wafford: and scroll down, submit, and we're going to go to the mesh, the source, the database for that, the source through the libraries, or rather through pop meds, homepage, scroll down.
Q. Eileen Wafford: click on mesh database
Q. Eileen Wafford: under explore.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and we are now in mesh.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so for each concept. And let me put this a side by side view.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And this can get really redundant. That's just the nature of developing search strategies. And your search terms list.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So what we're going to do is we're going to find mesh terms for each, and let me get rid of this. We did not see that
Q. Eileen Wafford: for each concept.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and some folks who attended last week did not use. Maybe they have different minority groups. You don't have to do racial minority groups. That's just you know what my research question is. Maybe you have sexual and gender minority. So
Q. Eileen Wafford: pick a topic of racial minority group a minority group of interest.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and we'll use that, or rather, you will use that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so when you're searching mesh, you only want to do one term at a time. A term can be, you know, one word, multiple words. But we're not gonna do like minorities or African Americans. Instead, I'm just gonna do minorities. And let's just limit our our mesh term list to 3 words.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I have. You'll see. This is highlighted because I have a set
Q. Eileen Wafford: in my Ncbi account to, so to see any term that I have entered or mapped to a term that I entered highlighted. That's just a feature that I have set.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So
Q. Eileen Wafford: when you find a mesh term.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm going to click on minority groups
Q. Eileen Wafford: and
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'll do minority groups. We'll click on, find a subject heading
Q. Eileen Wafford: of interest
Q. Eileen Wafford: if it meets your inclusion criteria
Q. Eileen Wafford: click on, add to search builder.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And again, we're only doing this to get the syntax.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm going to copy that. And in my mesh box I'm going to paste
Q. Eileen Wafford: that
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm going to add, or because I see that there are other
Q. Eileen Wafford: subject headings that meet my inclusion criteria that reflect this concept. So I'm just going to go back. And I see ethnic and racial minorities.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Let me click on that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And just so, you know, these entry terms list. I find I call this my source of inspiration. Sometimes there are words in the entry terms that I have not thought about in terms of in my keywords list. So Con, consider, you know, adding words from your
Q. Eileen Wafford: that you see here into your keyword list. If they're not there.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Alright. So ethnic and racial minorities. I'm just gonna click on, add to search builder
Q. Eileen Wafford: to get the syntax. And in my
Q. Eileen Wafford: search development document
Q. Eileen Wafford: I have medical groups or excuse me, minority groups as a mesh term. Or let's use the Boolean, or let's get into the habit of using the capitalize, or
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm gonna paste that ethnic and racial minorities. And I'm just gonna add more and more. Let's do. I'm gonna do
Q. Eileen Wafford: Asian Americans. Let's do Asian.
Q. Eileen Wafford: See if there's an Asian American
Q. Eileen Wafford: England American
Q. Eileen Wafford: racial groups.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I don't click on racial groups, cause I I wonder Asian will bring in, like non Asian, American
Q. Eileen Wafford: or not Asian Asian Americans? No, not Asian people from America, not from America.
Q. Eileen Wafford: That makes sense. I guess
Q. Eileen Wafford: I guess I'll just click on Asian
Q. Eileen Wafford: and then
Q. Eileen Wafford: add to search builder
Q. Eileen Wafford: what you want to avoid doing is creating your own mesh terms like it has to come from the mesh
Q. Eileen Wafford: database and the mesh and source, and you create your own mesh term. Papa is not going to know what you're talking about, so use what is coming from
Q. Eileen Wafford: the mesh, the source, the mesh database.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and then we can do the same with health insurance
Q. Eileen Wafford: health insurance. Okay.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm gonna click on that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So I have. They'll include all of these
Q. Eileen Wafford: narrower mesh terms. I'll just do health insurance.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I'm gonna stop at one because it has this so comprehensive
Q. Eileen Wafford: it. It will even include Medicare.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Anything that was tagged with the narrow terms will be included.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and then, lastly.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I would do heart attacks
Q. Eileen Wafford: again. This can be really redundant. But
Q. Eileen Wafford: and it's saying, Use my cardio infraction.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So again, add to search builder.
Q. Eileen Wafford: hobby.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and paste.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If there are multiple mesh terms for your your concept, like what we have racial minority groups.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And it's not covered under a narrower term than you want to do, or you know that term
Q. Eileen Wafford: alright.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So again, copy the syntax as is to the search strategy development document.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so we just did our exercise
Q. Eileen Wafford: where we are identifying mesh terms.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So
Q. Eileen Wafford: this is how my
Q. Eileen Wafford: mesh terms lists. Look. And again, if you're doing a comprehensive
Q. Eileen Wafford: review like a system, aggregate scope review, you want to be as comprehensive as possible. Because because the goal is to find all available evidence to address your research question. Your list will be much longer, especially if you're looking at all racial minority groups in the Us.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Before we move on with this mesh and pub med specific search. Are there any questions about what we just did with mesh
Q. Eileen Wafford: and building our mesh? List.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So there are multiple multiple ways of finding mesh terms. You can search the mesh the source directly.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's another access point to the mesh, the source, and that is through the Nlm Mesh home page, which we actually were not on.
Q. Eileen Wafford: you can look
Q. Eileen Wafford: on mesh on demand, which is another access point provided by the National Library of Medicine.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's this tool called pub reminder, where you just search in pub move reminder, and it'll generate mesh terms.
Q. Eileen Wafford: based on your search result using frequency analysis.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And then mesh analyzer. I never use mesh out Yale's mesh analyzer, but that's a good way of using frequency frequency analysis to find mesh terms based on a search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So you do have lots of lots of options.
Q. Eileen Wafford: In addition to using mesh
Q. Eileen Wafford: terms.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You should also consider. And this is, we are going to consider creating a more targeted search using field codes. So field codes are are tags.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Are you in a database to tell the database where to look for a word.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and this will help you know your results otherwise. Right now, pub, med has what 36 million plus records in them are available through pub. Med. If you were to just search for, let's say, heart attack without using a filled code, that field code can be the the mesh term for heart attack, or we'll talk about title after. If you were to just search for us term without using a field code.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Pub, med will say, Hey, fight heart attack anywhere in those 36 plus 1 million records that's available through pub, med and medline. So maybe it's like the Journal of Heart Attacks. Do you really wanted the journal? Heart attacks because it has the name, heart attack in it?
Q. Eileen Wafford: or hearts? Some people use heart. Maybe some author has the last name hearts. Do you really want that
Q. Eileen Wafford: article? Because the author has the last name hearts in it?
Q. Eileen Wafford: So instead, we're going to tell Pop Med. Let's look for our keywords. The words that are not from mesh. They may be in mesh, but
Q. Eileen Wafford: we're going to look for them as keywords. And let's look for those words, and just the title and abstract. So
Q. Eileen Wafford: if you're going to learn a tag I would encourage you to learn the title. Abstract Tag is
Q. Eileen Wafford: N square brackets, TIAB,
Q. Eileen Wafford: and so there's a way that you can
Q. Eileen Wafford: automatically add title abstract using pub med interface.
Q. Eileen Wafford: It's here the search builder through the advanced search builder. You can just add the title Abstract Tag, as you see here.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Otherwise
Q. Eileen Wafford: you can add it manually, and that's what I do. I just manually add the title, object tags to my keyword search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so when you use the tag or code.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Remember to enclose it, and square brackets. There's no space
Q. Eileen Wafford: between the square bracket and the letters
Q. Eileen Wafford: title abstract.
Q. Eileen Wafford: This is the long form title abstract, you can do title, slash, abstract, short form is TIAB. Those are the exact same thing.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So that's the title abstract
Q. Eileen Wafford: Tag, and what we're going to do is we're going to add title abstract
Q. Eileen Wafford: to our keywords.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Search terms
Q. Eileen Wafford: again. If we were just to type in minorities into pub bed, it's gonna look for. Maybe you know the Institute of Minority Studies, or something anywhere where this word is present. I'll bring that into the your search result. But we want a more controlled search. And so we're going to say, find this term
Q. Eileen Wafford: and the title or abstract.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so when you create your your title, abject keyword, search you.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You can
Q. Eileen Wafford: do that with phrases. Just be mindful and make sure that you put the the tag at the end of the phrase.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and there should be a space between the end of the
Q. Eileen Wafford: close, square bracket and the or so. That's what we're going to do.
Q. Eileen Wafford: oops. I I jumped ahead.
Q. Eileen Wafford: so I think let's go to our word document.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and you can take
Q. Eileen Wafford: what you have in Number 4.
Q. Eileen Wafford: They make that
Q. Eileen Wafford: we don't see number 5, whereas
Q. Eileen Wafford: bring that down
Q. Eileen Wafford: so you can take what you have in Number 4.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So this
Q. Eileen Wafford: keep this
Q. Eileen Wafford: version, because again, this is, you get is what you can copy and paste into any database.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And I it looked like I did not truncate it.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I don't have any of our our
Q. Eileen Wafford: tricks and tips. You know the truncation or the
Q. Eileen Wafford: phrase searching.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So feel free to make a copy of that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And if you want to truncate, remember just getting rid of the ending of a word. So you can find all variations of that word. Feel free to do that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Maybe you want African. Oh, let me make this bigger
Q. Eileen Wafford: African, American, or African Americans.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And then
Q. Eileen Wafford: you want to also add title abstract. So that's what we're going to do. And
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'm not going. Let me give you like 2 min to do that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Alright. I think we're good.
Q. Eileen Wafford: maybe not
Q. Eileen Wafford: alright. So this is what my pub mess specific keyword search looked like.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So I have my title object under.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I still have my Boolean, or and my Boolean, and
Q. Eileen Wafford: and everything is nested.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Are there any questions about your pummes. Specific keyword search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We're not done with our our searches. Cause now. We talked about
Q. Eileen Wafford: mesh only searching. We have our keyword. Only search. Now we have to pull all that together. Because we we don't want to rely on just keyword, searching, title, abstract, searching, or just mesh, only searching because not all articles have mesh terms.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and not all articles. Were not all database records use keywords or the keywords that you may think are relevant to a topic. So we wanna make our search as comprehensive as possible by including both mesh and keywords.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And to do that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: we're going to combine our our keyword and mesh terms.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So
Q. Eileen Wafford: within a nested
Q. Eileen Wafford: statements. So for our minority group, racial minority groups combine our
Q. Eileen Wafford: mesh terms and our keywords using the Boolean, or because we want the database to find any article that was tagged with
Q. Eileen Wafford: that mesh term, or
Q. Eileen Wafford: they use one of the keywords. So let's do that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And do I have that under.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So this is where you can just copy and paste your mesh term list and add it to your
Q. Eileen Wafford: your keywords, or to copy and paste your keywords and add them to your mesh, or just creating these
Q. Eileen Wafford: statements.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So this is how my
Q. Eileen Wafford: search looks.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and if you want to.
Q. Eileen Wafford: you can copy
Q. Eileen Wafford: and paste this search into Podmat.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You'll see how it'll differ from. If you were to just search the
Q. Eileen Wafford: keyword. Use only keywords, it will look much different from what you're going to get when you combine keywords and mesh terms.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So let's search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I copied and paste that search, and just make sure there's faces between the ands
Q. Eileen Wafford: and the search string.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I running that in pub that. But my
Q. Eileen Wafford: my connection is a little slow. So it's taking a minute.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and we're going to get. I think we may get a lot of results. And there are ways that you can refine your results. And you know, you can also save your search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: This isn't really bad for this topic, but again, we didn't expand upon any of our lists. We just kind of kept assemble due to the our time constraints. But once you have your results, you may find you need to refine it, and
Q. Eileen Wafford: what you can do is, if you have too few results, you can add more or the more ores you have, the bigger your search becomes. You can try truncating words.
Q. Eileen Wafford: check your spelling.
Q. Eileen Wafford: check the database coverage. You may just be looking the database that do not have a lot of content for your topic, so you may have to expand your search to other databases, and that's where your hmm! Your general search strategy will come in really handy.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You may have filters apply.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You also want to check your parentheses, your nesting.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and once again trying other databases.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If you have too many results, you may want to try some more specific terms, or use
Q. Eileen Wafford: words from a thesaurus.
Q. Eileen Wafford: such as medical subject heading.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You may also want to add additional concepts using the Boolean. And so in a nested frontis statement. You may have other ores, and then and that with your search, and that would make it smaller the more and the smaller your searches.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You may want to try phrase searching. You may have, like
Q. Eileen Wafford: African American, but the database may look for African and American, but not together. So you may want to put those to those together and keep them together using quotes.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and you may want to apply database limits.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So you know, or filters which are interchangeable.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So when it comes to refining with filters.
Q. Eileen Wafford: filters are just
Q. Eileen Wafford: pre-established search strategies to help you quickly focus on relevant materials, at the same time reducing possible irrelevant results.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And again, they're they're tailored to me, a very specific
Q. Eileen Wafford: need. So maybe you wanna limit based on publication date. There's a filter for that
Q. Eileen Wafford: which in pubmed. Where you run your search, you can just go to the left hand side, and you know we we did put value attended pubmed class. There's language filters, and there's study designs.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You can combine filters.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and if you're using a filter, and you you know, you revisit your search, maybe in a year time. Check the filter, check your search strategy, make sure that's updated. And they are updated regularly.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we talked about your, the advanced feature.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You can take a filter like you can use the search strategy of a filter. And there are ways that you can locate different
Q. Eileen Wafford: database filters. So there's Google search, they may say, Hey, here's a filter for randomized control trials. Or here's a search string from randomized control trials.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's a number of places where you can find filters, including pub med queries.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I'll revisit this. Actually, we have instructions on how to find pup med filters in the next 2 slides. I think
Q. Eileen Wafford: so. If you create a filter, you create your own filter. Maybe you have a pediatrics.
Q. Eileen Wafford: you know, research related question. You can create a search ring with pediatric related terms, and that would be your pediatric filter. You, you know. You'll just
Q. Eileen Wafford: combine those turns with or and then and them together.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So this is a the randomized control trial filter for pub med.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And if you use an existing filter you should cite that filter.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I have how you can find pubmed queries, pubmed filters. On this slide.
Q. Eileen Wafford: so remember to save your search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: All databases allow you to save your search, so
Q. Eileen Wafford: you'll have your search on the document, but you should consider saving it, too, because maybe you want to return and run that search, and maybe in a future date, too. You you'll run that search, and so you don't have to like. Add it to the database. So save your search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Before we talk about translating our search to other information sources. Are there any questions about anything we cover so far
Q. Eileen Wafford: comments?
Q. Eileen Wafford: So every day database is a little different.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So consider reviewing the help pages, especially if you want to create
Q. Eileen Wafford: the search strings are syntax specific to that database. You can copy and paste the the general search string. But you may want to, you know.
Q. Eileen Wafford: create a more specific one.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So look, learn, learn about those those database features, and consider using the fan. Search, feature.
Q. Eileen Wafford: again, syntax is database specific.
Q. Eileen Wafford: or you can use their general search drinks.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We have a number of resources to help you with translating to other information sources, including our classes, our guides, and the advanced database searching page on that health information sources and searching guide
Q. Eileen Wafford: any question about translating your search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So I know I kind of quickly cover that. But
Q. Eileen Wafford: part one really was giving you that that foundation on how to create that general search that you can then just copy and paste into other databases. Are there any questions, though?
Q. Eileen Wafford: Alright, let's talk about evaluating your your database search. You could put all this time and energy into your search, you wanna know, is it good? So there's a document called the Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategy press checklist.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You can click on this link directly, and it opens to a Pdf.
Q. Eileen Wafford: we're not going to go over all of these points.
Q. Eileen Wafford: but in general the press checklist is asking you questions to ensure that you know you translated your research question correctly. Did you use Boolean and Prime? Or if you use proximity operators. Do you use those operators? Correctly, subject headings
Q. Eileen Wafford: ask you to check your text word. So we call. I call this keyword. So text word search and ask you questions about that.
Q. Eileen Wafford: ask you questions. To ensure that you know your spelling is syntax.
Q. Eileen Wafford: are correct
Q. Eileen Wafford: as well as questions and points to help you evaluate limits and filters.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we address all of these points, not proximity. That's like a more advanced searching
Q. Eileen Wafford: But we did address all these points, and you can go to the press checklist just to see if
Q. Eileen Wafford: your search strategy is good. It's measuring up.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If you evaluate your search using press. You can also note that in your in your documentation, in your manuscript you could say this was, search was evaluated using press.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so we'll look at the prisma for searching document once again.
Q. Eileen Wafford: But I just want to point out some documentation to help you with reporting
Q. Eileen Wafford: your search results.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So I created this database search overview document which you know you can
Q. Eileen Wafford: add it
Q. Eileen Wafford: and remove databases that you don't search, but it has like database coverage. This is database coverage
Q. Eileen Wafford: date search. So date you last search and results. So as you're running these searches.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Nope, this information because this is going to be important when it comes to reporting, and you can find this document
Q. Eileen Wafford: on the guide.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So our health information sources and searching, I probably can just click on that link.
Q. Eileen Wafford: But that is
Q. Eileen Wafford: too straightforward. So librarian, search, strategy, development. I think that's it. If it's not there, then I would make sure that it is there.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Oh, no, this is a different. So I guess I need to make sure that that's on the guide, and I'll put post that to the guide
Q. Eileen Wafford: after the class.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So this is just a template that
Q. Eileen Wafford: several librarians use to help us keep track of our our search results, and we also submit that document with our manuscripts, and we encourage teams to submit them with their manuscripts.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's the prisma flow diagram. So as you're running your database searches. You can you can populate this diagram, or rather this chart and the prisma flow diagram at the same time.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so this is going to capture your database. Search results.
Q. Eileen Wafford: I usually run all my searches on the same day, so I save them, and then I'll return, and I'll run all the searches on the same day, so that the date is the same.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and there you go.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and then
Q. Eileen Wafford: there's writing up your search. So we looked at the prisma as
Q. Eileen Wafford: at the start of this workshop. Part one. Let's look at the prisma S again. So this is the checklist for reporting search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Related information. You don't have to report it all in the same place. It just should be reported somewhere
Q. Eileen Wafford: in the documentation connected to your your systematic or scope review. And so it's asking for information about your database name. If you did multiple database searching, if you search registries.
Q. Eileen Wafford: additional searches outside of databases, maybe you search Google.
Q. Eileen Wafford: do you do citation searching, do you contact authors
Q. Eileen Wafford: for each of these
Q. Eileen Wafford: checklist items? There's examples and rationals in the E and E paper.
Q. Eileen Wafford: They also ask that you provide full search strategies. So you remember that that document that you're going to create where your word document, you can clean that up and then attach it to your manuscript, and that will satisfy, you. Know your search strategy. Checklist, item.
Q. Eileen Wafford: limit and restrictions. Did you apply any limits? Do you use any
Q. Eileen Wafford: preset search string. So maybe use a randomized control trial search string to help you focus your search to randomized control trials that should be noted somewhere in the documentation.
Q. Eileen Wafford: have you
Q. Eileen Wafford: peer? Review your your search? Just you know I very rarely peer review my searches. I should, if you do that, then that should be noticed somewhere to it can be in your actual text saying, This is Peer reviewed, as I mentioned earlier.
Q. Eileen Wafford: so managing records, your prisma flow diagram will help you with reporting
Q. Eileen Wafford: and capturing items for your managing record.
Q. Eileen Wafford: section.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So duplication. There's a part in your prisma flow diagram as well as if you use that database overview document, you should know how many records were deduplicated.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And so your prisma for
Q. Eileen Wafford: searching prisma asks, this is the full checklist.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And it do have like a little description of each checklist item, and it is available.
Q. Eileen Wafford: am almost certain that I
Q. Eileen Wafford: there you go
Q. Eileen Wafford: on the guide. There is a link to the prisma S. As was to the press checklist.
Q. Eileen Wafford: And then, lastly, when it comes to writing up your search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: what do you include? You don't have to put everything that's on the prisma. S, because you know your flow diagrams going to capture some information. There's a lot of places where you can report
Q. Eileen Wafford: information about your search, even your protocol.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So
Q. Eileen Wafford: and you're you're going to be short on word, word allowance. So consider capturing like key information.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and that can be a description of your search strategy. If you have space talk about, you know you use
Q. Eileen Wafford: subject headings or the source words and keywords for your Pico concepts. So you had concept for racial minority groups.
Q. Eileen Wafford: for
Q. Eileen Wafford: disparities.
Q. Eileen Wafford: for heart attack.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You also talk about. You should also mention the databases that you search
Q. Eileen Wafford: and the date that you search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If you apply to filter, you can say we apply Cochrane's Randomized control trial filter, or we apply to modify randomized control Cochrane's. We modify Cochrane's Randomized Control trial filter.
Q. Eileen Wafford: If you, if you limited your search, maybe to English language studies that should be noted, and you know you had a year restriction that should be noted, too.
Q. Eileen Wafford: if you did. Citation searching, I think sometimes that's called like forward, backward searching. That should be noted.
Q. Eileen Wafford: You want to be as transparent as possible.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and because you should be providing your full search strategy as recommended by the prisma S. You can just add a little statement. Saying full search strategy or a search strategy is included in appendix whatever
Q. Eileen Wafford: oops. So we're just about done. But are there any questions about writing up your search?
Q. Eileen Wafford: Alright? So we covered a lot. We looked at the search strategy in the 3 steps.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We'll look at enhancing your search with techniques such as truncation.
Q. Eileen Wafford: nesting, phrase, searching. We also looked at translating your search to pub met
Q. Eileen Wafford: and using appropriate mesh terms syntax and code.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Oh, as well as refining your search with fill with filters.
Q. Eileen Wafford: There's we talked about the importance of saving your search because, as
Q. Eileen Wafford: many librarians would do. We'll go back and we'll run that search. In a future dates
Q. Eileen Wafford: as well as
Q. Eileen Wafford: reporting your source results in your prisma flow diagram and using the prisma as to help with reporting your search strategy
Q. Eileen Wafford: as well as using the press checklist to help evaluate your search.
Q. Eileen Wafford: We also looked at some additional documentation, including the database search overview, which I will add to that guide
Q. Eileen Wafford: which you should include. Consider, including with your manuscript.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So we covered a lot.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I am going to let me just
Q. Eileen Wafford: get back online. Do you have any questions? And again, this class is being recorded
Q. Eileen Wafford: and I will send a recording out. So one thing I I should note, is.
Q. Eileen Wafford: if you decide to, you know.
Q. Eileen Wafford: work on a search strategy. This is a very like Beta initiative. But we have a search
Q. Eileen Wafford: or evidence. Synthesis, evaluation, request, form. So fill that out.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Add whatever information you have. Again, it's very beta. At this time it asks for some key information, and the librarian will
Q. Eileen Wafford: review your search
Q. Eileen Wafford: and follow up with you. Talk about maybe ways to improve your search, or we have any questions or possible concerns. We can address those with you, so feel free to.
Q. Eileen Wafford: you know, create your search, work on it, and then work with a librarian to
Q. Eileen Wafford: look at it, possibly evaluate it, using the press checklist and give you some tips on improving it.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So
Q. Eileen Wafford: so that's the last part of this class.
Q. Eileen Wafford: Thank you so much for attending. If you have any questions.
Q. Eileen Wafford: feel free to reach out to your liaison librarian.
Q. Eileen Wafford: we are all very experienced in developing systematic reviews and scope reviews and the searches so feel free to reach out to that person through the libraries. Homepage altered
Q. Eileen Wafford: dot northwestern.edu research services find my liaison librarian, and that person should be able to
Q. Eileen Wafford: work with you and answer questions.
Q. Eileen Wafford: All right.
Q. Eileen Wafford: So thank you all.
Q. Eileen Wafford: and let me stop sharing
Q. Eileen Wafford: and let me stop the video.
Q. Eileen Wafford: It's
Q. Eileen Wafford: at the video, the
Q. Eileen Wafford: recording there we go.